Armenian and Azerbaijani officials said on Thursday that they had agreed the text of a peace agreement to end nearly four decades of conflict between the South Caucasus countries, a sudden breakthrough in a fitful and often bitter peace process.

But hurdles remain. Azerbaijan also said Armenia’s constitution must “eliminate the claims against the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Azerbaijan,” as a prerequisite to allow for the signing of the peace treaty.

Armenia and Azerbaijan agreed to the terms of a long-awaited peace treaty Thursday that could end a decades-long conflict that began with the fall of the Soviet Union.

Armenia and Azerbaijan were locked in conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh for nearly four decades after the Soviet Union they were both members of collapsed.Here is a look at the history of the conflict and the latest developments as Armenian and Azerbaijani officials said on Thursday that they had agreed the text of a peace agreement.

Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan (left) and Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev speak at the BRICS summit in Russia in October 2024. The two sides announced on March 13, 2025, that the text of the peace agreement between them has been finalized, but it is unclear when, or even if, it will be signed. (Photo: Ramil Sitdikov/brics-russia2024.ru)

Azerbaijan and Armenia have agreed on a draft text of a peace agreement, Azeri Foreign Minister Ceyhun Bayramov announced on Thursday. Bayramov said that Armenia has accepted Azerbaijan's proposals regarding the last remaining disputed points in the deal, though he did not specify what those were.

French President Emmanuel Macron said on Thursday that the agreement of peace treaty terms between Armenia and Azerbaijan should open the way for a lasting peace deal in the region.

Azerbaijan and Armenia said Thursday that they had wrapped up peace talks aimed at resolving the Caucasus neighbours' decades-long conflict, both sides having agreed the text of a possible treaty.

Armenia and Azerbaijan finalize a peace treaty to end their decades-long conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. #ArmeniaAzerbaijan #PeaceTreaty

Armenia and Azerbaijan were locked in conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh for nearly four decades after the Soviet Union they were both members of collapsed.