test and verify the Reed-Solomon codec. Each of these steps is important, and missing one results in developing hardware that does not work the first time and must be re-created. For example, it is ...

Gray code is a systematic ordering of binary numbers in a way that each successive value differs from the previous one in ...

Error Correction Codes (ECC) play an essential role in safeguarding memory systems by detecting and correcting errors that arise from various sources, including ...

In its early years, information theory was dominated by research on error-correcting codes: How do you encode information so as to guarantee its faithful transmission, even in the presence of the ...

Today’s quantum computing hardware is severely limited in what it can do by errors that are difficult to avoid. There can be problems with everything from setting the initial state of a qubit to ...

Encoders are widely used to help control machine position and speed. Typical encoder output, a series of quadrature signals, consists of two full square waves, offset by 90° in phase. The number of ...

Unlike binary bits of information in ordinary computers, “qubits” consist of quantum particles that have some probability of being in each of two states, designated |0 and |1 , at the same time. When ...

In the second of a two-part article, Philip Ball looks at the challenges of error correction to build truly useful quantum computing; how algorithms will need to be ...

The current generation of quantum hardware has been termed “NISQ”: noisy, intermediate-scale quantum processors. “Intermediate-scale” refers to a qubit count that is typically in the dozens, while ...