For electricity to flow, everything needs to be connected in a big ring. It’s called a circuit. For example, the lights in most houses and flats are part of a circuit controlled by the consumer unit, ...

An op-amp operates on analog input. It can be used to amplify or attenuate this input, and to carry out mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, integration, and differentiation. Because ...

At high frequencies (e.g. microwave) the physical dimensions of printed circuit board (PCB) traces become significant relative to the wavelength of the signal. At these frequencies, controlled ...

Power Semiconductor devices that are commonly used in power electronic circuits. Starting with the circuit models of these devices, we will identify the requirements leading to low loss circuits and ...