pv magazine’s UP sustainability campaign has investigated the use of lead in PV panels and found, with soldered cell interconnections in particular, viable alternatives are scarce. However, German ...

Cold soldering defects in a PV module. The problem has now become the most commonly found defect in pre-shipping module inspections. Image: CEA The electric grid is complex. For many generation ...

One reason why commercial soldering stations are expensive is that, in general, they require the use of soldering irons with inbuilt temperature sensors, such as thermocouples. A soldering iron that’s ...

In the run-up to pv magazine’s quality roundtable at Intersolar Europe, we look at a case where a production error resulted in cold solder joints in 5% of the solar ...