Earth's crust ranges from 5 to 70 kilometers in thickness and serves as the planet's outermost layer. This thin shell represents less than one percent of Earth's total mass, yet it's the only layer we ...

When you look at photographs of Earth from space, the planet looks like a blue marble, with patterns of clouds lying on the surface of the marble. It seems as if Earth's atmosphere is incredibly thin, ...

thermal characteristics (temperature changes), chemical composition, movement, and density. Each of the layers are bounded by "pauses" where the greatest changes in thermal characteristics, chemical ...

A new study provides the best evidence yet for a hidden layer deep within Earth’s solid inner core. Earth’s inner core, made of solid iron and nickel, is roughly two-thirds the size of the moon. The ...

The surface of our world has been in a constant state of flux for millions of years. Continents have wandered, oceans have ...

An earthquake in Alaska causing seismic waves to penetrate the Earth's innermost inner core. Credit: Drew Whitehouse, Son Phạm and Hrvoje Tkalčic. Data captured from seismic waves caused by ...