In this chapter, I will present a few useful “cookbook” applications for real-time control circuits designed to perform some specific low-level task and interface with a master controller for ...

Stepper motors are useful for relatively low-speed, intermediate-torque drive and positioning applications, particularly where accurate sub-revolution rotor position control is necessary. Motors of ...

In direct calorimetry, the heat produced by a living organism is measured directly. Indirect calorimetry, by contrast, estimates heat production from the organism's oxygen (O 2) consumption and carbon ...