Invented in 1970 by Corning Incorporated, low-loss optical fiber became the best means to efficiently transport information from one place to another over long distances without loss of information.

Fig. 1. Real part of the dielectric function of isopropanol (IPA) without optical excitation (black line) and with optical excitation leading to the three different electron concentrations of 50, 100 ...

A new publication from Opto-Electronic Advances, 10.29026/oea.2023.220085 discuss broadband low-loss all-optical phase modulator using gas-filled hollow-core fiber. Optical phase modulators are key ...