Discover how wave refraction works, why it happens and how it affects surfing in this easy-to-understand guide.

San Jose, Calif. – Immersion extends a stepper lens' depth of field by beaming the light through a layer of water on top of the wafer. The liquid changes the refractive index, markedly boosting both ...

René Descartes, a contemporary of Snell but working independent of him, also studied refraction in water and provided an accurate mathematical explanation for the rainbow.