Scientists have launched a fresh effort to find out what could be producing oxygen at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean.

Researchers have uncovered surprising evidence that the deep ocean’s carbon-fixing engine works very differently than long assumed. While ammonia-oxidizing archaea were thought to dominate carbon ...

About 700 million years ago, Earth was entombed in a veneer of ice hundreds of feet thick—a frozen state scientists refer to ...

The ocean covers more than 70 percent of Earth, yet most of it remains unexplored. Beneath the surface lie places of total darkness, crushing pressure, and strange life forms that seem almost alien.

The 2025 Ocean Art Photography Competition celebrates life beneath the surface, from intimate encounters to rare marine behaviors and striking flora and fauna.

As human activities have released greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, trapping excess heat and warming the planet, the ocean has absorbed more than 90% of that excess heat since the 1970s. The ocean ...