In nanoscale particle research, precise control and separation have long been a bottleneck in biotechnology. Researchers at ...

As LLMs and diffusion models power more applications, their safety alignment becomes critical. Our research shows that even minimal downstream fine‑tuning can weaken safeguards, raising a key question ...

The Bjerksund-Stensland model is a key method for pricing American options. It helps investors determine optimal times for exercising options with dividends considered.

Abstract: Programming has become increasingly important in our society. However, the learning process presents significant challenges, particularly for novice students of introductory courses. From ...

The temporal method is a currency translation technique for foreign subsidiaries, allowing profits and losses to be computed in the parent company’s currency. Learn its rules and applications.

Abstract: The protection of high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission line is the key to development of the HVDC transmission technology. To deal with the problem that the traditional traveling ...