Functional integral equations constitute a broad class of problems in which an unknown function appears under an integral sign. These equations play a pivotal role in modelling complex phenomena in ...
Electromagnetic integral equations offer a powerful framework for modelling wave propagation and scattering phenomena by recasting Maxwell’s equations into formulations involving integrals over ...
Analogue computer: Brian Edwards (left), Nader Engheta (centre) and Nasim Mohammadi Estakhri show-off their microwave protoype. (Courtesy: Eric Sucar/University of Pennsylvania) Metamaterials have ...
Studies properties and solutions of partial differential equations. Covers methods of characteristics, well-posedness, wave, heat and Laplace equations, Green's functions, and related integral ...
When integrating simple expressions, the constant of integration, the \(+ c\) term, may remain an unknown. The value of \(c\) can be worked out when additional information is given in the question, .
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