There is no measurement that can directly observe the wave function of a quantum mechanical system, but the wave function is still enormously useful as its (complex) square represents the probability ...

A Matlab toolbox for solving the generalized density evolution equation (GDEE) in the probability density evolution method (PDEM) by finite difference method.

What Is A Probability Density Function? A probability density function, also known as a bell curve, is a fundamental statistics concept, that describes the likelihood of a continuous random variable ...

We discuss and analyze some recent literature that introduced pioneering methods in econophysics. In doing so, we review recent methods of estimating the volatility, volatility of volatility, and ...

Formula One Grand Prix are averaging a million viewers per race in America. The FIA, the governing body of the sport, just christened a new course in Miami, and plans on opening another track in Las ...

The Drake Equation is one of the most famous equations in all of science, as well as being one of its more controversial. It’s the foundation of a lot of our pursuit of alien life in the universe, as ...